Structure and structural block



June 6, 1933. 1,913,266

E. DREYFUS-ROSE, SAID ROSE El AL STRUCTURE AND STRUCTURAL BLOCK Filed Feb. 17, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l Lam Jams, 1933. 1,913,266

E. DREYFUS-ROSE, SAID ROSE El AL STRUCTURE AND STRUCTURAL BLOCK Filed Feb. 17, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 &

Jar anions.

Patented June 6, 1933 ame TATES PATENT OFFICE sane nRE EUS RosE QsAInRQSE em) vrcron noon misses, ou PARIS, rnAnoE STRUCTUREannpsrnuorunnnnnocn appncatitn filed Febr'uary 17, 193 seem. 593,6 6, and in Belgium March 25,1931.

a i The present invention relates to structures andistructuralblocks. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a structural block formed of brick, cement, terra cotta or the like and so shaped at its extremities that it limits together with anadjacent block of identical or similar structure achaniber into which cement or a other binding materials may be: poured.

Q Another object" is to provide a formof building block having extremities shaped so that, when pushed into contact with an upright of any kind, the block comes automatically into alignment with those below it. 5 The :upright may be a'structural steel beam, one formed in cement or simply the reinforcing rods traversing or intended to traversethelatter. 1 a 1 a j I 1 A further object isto provide a form of V blockin which the end surface is formed to permit a small amount of play (for the purpose of aligning the block relatively to those beside and below it. 1 a, a m 1 Another object, still is to provide a struc- 2 tural assembly adapted to coact with :blocks of thetype' above describedso as to diminish thecompressive load on the latter. i j

Still further objectswill appear in the course of the detailed description now to be given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 7 Figure lis a horizontal section through one form of block assembly; i Figure 2 represents a variant ofthe assembly shown in Figure 1, an auxiliary locking-block being employed; a a a e 5 Figure 3 illustrates a third formgof assembly utilizing blocks of the type shown in Figure l with an auxiliary block interposed, anteriorly, therebetween;= 1 v r Figure 4: shows a form of assembly in which auxiliary blocks are interposed both anteriorly. and posteriorly between adjacent principal blocks a Figure 5, is a longitudinalsection through a form of, block fitted; with a reinforcing element; a v i 1 Figures 6 and 7 show variants of the form of assemblies illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 spe i y a 1 jbetweenaadjacent blocks a and to hide the Figu're8 isa section through a variant of the assemblies shown in Figures 1 and 4; a Figure 9 represents, in perspective, astructural assembly adapted to coact with blocks of the type shown in the preceding figures to diminish the compressive load thereon.

Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, there is shown a building block a formed with appropriate interior heat insulating spaces and terminating ,at one or both extremities in a recessed portion Z), acent the anterior portion thereof, at prolongation (Z being formedat the posterior portion of the end surface, saidprolongation having a small recessed portion bf formed therein. a From the foregoing, it will be readilyseen that, when a brick is placed in contact with so upr sht stru t r element a T- section: beam 0 so thatposterior prolonga-. tion d contacts with the posterior surface of the latter, brick a comes into alignment with similar bricks placed thereunder. At the same time, recessed surface 6 of adjacent blocksform a chamber into which cement or any binding material may bepoured for the purpose of locking adjacent blocks to element 0 and to one another. By pouring cementorlike binding material intothe chamber limited laterally by recessed surfaces 6', a direct bond between adjacent blocks is established. e v i a a In the form of blocks represented in Fig urea, prolongations cl, ofthe type shown in Figure 1 are omitted and replaced by a looking or key block terminating at each end in pointed ribs 9 (round ribs? of the type shown at g in Figure 4 may be used instead of the pointedribs shown to procure a look ing action), cement mortar or the like being interposed between elements 9 and a; to form a bond.

The form of blockassembly illustrated in Figure 3 difiers from the one shown in Figure 1 only in the addition of an anteriorlocking or 'key block h which may ;be placed in 9 positionprior to the pouring of cement or the like into contact with recesses b, said hey block serving to fill the anterior space cement joint just behind,

In Figure 4, both anterior and posterior key blocks 9 and h are provided and combine the advantages and functions of like elements represented in Figures 2 and 3. While blocks 9 and h are here shown with rounded lateral surfaces, the latter may be pointed as in Figures 2 and 3 or may take any other form insuringa proper locking action. It will be noted that blocks a, shown in this figure lack prolongations of the type 0Z shown in Figure 1 and conform approximately with those of the type illustrated iii-Figure 2.

Any one of the types of bloc-ksillustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive may be fitted with reinforcing metallic or similar rods (Fig. 5) extending beyond the end extremities thereof and serving to lock the blocks in the cement or other binding material poured therebetween.

If the block is intended to form a corner, elements of the type of a in Figure 1 should be used, one extremity being formed to coact with a similar extremity of block a and the other being shaped to fit into jointed relation with bricks or blocks of any desired special shape.

It will be observed that, when anterior key blocks of the type of elements it shown in Figures 3 and 4: are used, the latter serve to align the anterior surfaces of adjacent blocks. This form of assembly is particularly advantageous whereuprights of. the type of element c-are lacking between acent blocks.

1 It is to be noted that elements 9 (Figures 2 and 4) may be used to perform a function similar to blocks h.

The form of assembly shown in Figure 6 illustrates a form of block a having a small .46 posterior prolongation (Z adapted to be used for aligning and also having a recess formed therein posterior to prolongation d adapted to receive either cement (right hand side) or a locking key 9 having a lateral rib 9 formed thereon of the types shown in Figures 2 and 4 (left hand side). If resistance calculations or other considerations make it desirable to have an anterior cement prolongation 2' formed between blocks a, the latter may be formed by any suitable form of mould.

The assembly shown in Figure 7 shows a form of block similar to the one represented in Figure 3 coupled to a block of the type illustrated in Figure 1, an interior cement prolongation 2' being interposed ther-ebetween. This figure is intended merely to illustrate the idea thatblocks of the type shown in any single figure may be used in 'coactlon with blocks of a type shown in some other figure if desired.

. Figure 8 shows another'possible combination of blocks of different types, the right hand block being similar to the one in Figure 1 and the left hand block similar to the one represented in Figure 4, the space he show that elements and Z will act to take up the compressive effect of supposed rows of blocks.

l/Vhatever be the form of block employed, it is advisable to form the intersection between surfaces 1) and the internal surface of prolonga'tions d curvilinearly so that when blocks a are pushed into contact with upright 0, adjustment of the alignment of block a may be efi'ected by varying the point of contact between said uprights and said curvilinear surface.

The invention is'not to be taken as limited to the particular structures shown in the drawings. If, for example, blocks a be laid in inclined tiers, their end surfaces may be modified in shape to permit their being laid in the manner described for horizontally laid blocks.

It will be noted that blocks of the type shown in Fig. 1 have ends of approximately L shape. This permits their being pushed laterally into contact with some such guides as elements 0. This is of special importance in practice since it permits placing the blocks in position when no free end space is available.

What we claim is 1. A supporting wall adapted to carry heavy loads comprising a frame work including spaced upright supporting members comprising structural shapes, and vertically superposed blocks each supported by the lower blocks filling the space between the said uprights, each of said blocks being in substantial contact with the next lower block throughout the transverse dimension of the wall, each block extending horizontally substantially the full distance between two adjacent uprights and overlapping said uprights, the ends of said blocks being so shaped that they cooperate to form pockets for receiving the uprights, such pockets being substantially closed on three sides and being substantially open on the fourth side, the opening on such fourth side being wider than the width of an upright, whereby said blocks may.

be arranged in place by simple horizontal movement after the uprights have been put in place to form the frame. v

2. In a wall; according to claim 1, said blocks having symmetrical extensions on the ends thereof formed as prolongations of one i of the verticelffaces such prolongationsco-j operating toclose one of the sides of the fsaidpocket. i ni 3. In a wall according to claim 1',such

5 pocket having a greater width at an inter- Inediatepoint than the width ofsaid opening,

and a plastic material filling the portion vof said pocket not occupied by said upri ht,

whereby said upright is locked in thepoc et.

11 4.1m a wall according to claim 1,' said 'blocks havingsymmetrical extensions on the [ends thereof formed as prolongations of one i r of the vertical faces, such prolongations cooperating to close one of the sides of the j: saidpocketQthe adjacent facesof said pockets woo 

